Quick answer
- For most small businesses, the simple time off request form is enough: one page, a leave type checkbox, dates, hours and an approval box.
- Track PTO in hours? Use the PTO request form with balance, an Excel sheet that subtracts the request from the employee’s balance.
- All 10 templates are free, need no sign-up, and come as Word or Excel files plus a printable PDF. They also open in Google Docs and Google Sheets.
A time off request form is the written record of who asked for what time off, when they asked, and whether a manager said yes. This list is for US small-business owners, managers and HR staff who want a clear way to handle requests, and for employees who need to ask in writing. Below are 10 free templates, each built for a different situation: a one-page form for any leave, a PTO request form that checks the balance, a vacation request form with a coverage plan, plus forms for partial days, sick days, shift swaps, mixed leave types and extended leave, and email wording for employees. Every template has a filled-in example with realistic US sample data and a Word or Excel download with a matching PDF.
Which time off request template do you need?
Pick by the situation, not the job title. Many employers use two: a simple form for everyday requests and the leave of absence form for anything longer than a week.
| Situation | Best template | Format |
|---|---|---|
| Any day off, one form for everyone | 1. Simple time off request form | Word, PDF |
| You track PTO hours and balances | 2. PTO request form with balance | Excel, PDF |
| A week of vacation, office or salaried roles | 3. Vacation request form | Word, PDF |
| Appointment, leaving early, late start | 4. Partial-day request | Word, PDF |
| Calling out sick | 5. Sick leave notice | Word, PDF |
| Restaurant, retail or clinic shifts | 6. Shift coverage request | Word, PDF |
| Several days with different leave types | 7. Multi-day leave request | Excel, PDF |
| Surgery, new baby, caregiving, military family | 8. Leave of absence request | Word, PDF |
| No form at work, you need to ask by email | 9. Request email templates | Word, PDF |
| Managers approving requests for a team | 10. Request log | Excel, PDF |
1. Simple time off request form
Best for small teams that want one form for every kind of leave
This is the form to start with if you have no process today. The “hours to record as paid” and “unpaid” lines tell whoever runs payroll exactly what to enter, which removes the most common follow-up question. Ask employees to fill in the top half and hand it, or email a scan, to their manager. The manager signs, returns a copy and files the original.
2. PTO request form with balance check
Best for employers who track paid time off in hours
PTO request form · Employee: Jordan Lee, medical assistant · Manager: Lauren Brooks · Cedar Family Clinic, Columbus, OH · Requested November 2, 2026
| Date | Day | Leave type | Hours requested | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11/25/2026 | Wed | PTO | 8 | |
| 11/26/2026 | Thu | Holiday | 8 | Thanksgiving, clinic closed |
| 11/27/2026 | Fri | PTO | 8 |
| PTO balance before this request | 52.5 hours |
|---|---|
| Total hours requested | 24 |
| Hours taken from PTO | 16 |
| PTO balance after this request | 36.5 hours |
| Approved? | Yes · L.B. · 11/3/2026 |
This PTO request form stops the most common approval mistake: saying yes to more hours than the employee has. Type the current balance from your payroll or PTO tracker spreadsheet, then one row per day. Paid holidays and unpaid days stay on the form for the schedule, but they do not reduce the PTO balance. In the example, three days off use only 16 PTO hours because Thanksgiving is a paid holiday.
3. Vacation request form with coverage plan
Best for office, admin and salaried staff taking a week or more
Vacation request form · Priya Shah, accounts payable specialist · Lakeview Logistics, Charlotte, NC · Manager: Kevin Walsh · Requested November 4, 2026
| First day off | Monday, December 28, 2026 |
|---|---|
| Last day off | Friday, January 1, 2027 |
| Return to work | Monday, January 4, 2027 |
| Workdays off | 4 (January 1 is a company holiday) |
| PTO hours requested | 32 |
| While away | ☒ Reachable for emergencies only |
| Task or account | Covered by | Handoff notes |
|---|---|---|
| Vendor invoice approvals | Carla Ruiz | Approves up to $5,000; larger ones go to Kevin |
| Month-end accruals | Ben Ortiz | Draft ready by December 23 |
| AP inbox and vendor calls | Carla Ruiz | Out-of-office points vendors to Carla |
Handoff meeting: December 22, 2026 · ☒ Approved, Kevin Walsh, November 5, 2026
A vacation request form is easier to approve when the coverage is already worked out. The employee lists each task and who takes it, and the covering coworkers sign. Ask for it 30 days ahead for a week or more, and decide in your policy how you handle two people asking for the same holiday week; first come, first served by the “date of request” line is the simplest rule to defend.
VACATION REQUEST FORM Employee name: Job title: Manager: Date of request: First day off: Last day off: Return to work: Workdays off: PTO hours requested: While away: [ ] Not reachable [ ] Emergencies only [ ] Checking email once a day Coverage plan (task, covered by, handoff notes): 1. 2. 3. Handoff meeting date: Out-of-office message set (yes/no): Employee signature and date: Covering coworker(s) signature and date: Manager: [ ] Approved [ ] Approved with changes [ ] Denied Signature and date:
4. Partial-day time off request
Best for doctor’s appointments, school events, late starts and leaving early
Short absences cause the most payroll errors because nobody writes them down. This form records the exact hours, so the time card and the PTO balance agree. If hourly employees make up the time, keep it in the same workweek: extra hours in a different week can push that week over 40 and trigger overtime. For exempt employees, check the salary basis rules before you dock pay for part of a day; the DOL lists full-day absences, not partial days, among the permitted salary deductions.
5. Sick leave notice form
Best for recording sick days, especially in states and cities with paid sick leave laws
Sick days are usually reported, not requested, so this form is filled in when the employee calls out or on the day they return. The reason is optional on purpose. California’s Labor Commissioner, for example, says an employer is not obligated to ask about or record the reason for paid sick leave, and may not deny paid sick leave solely because there is no doctor’s note. Other states and cities have their own rules, so check yours before you require more. Pair this with a clear attendance policy so call-out steps are written down.
6. Time off and shift coverage request
Best for restaurants, retail stores and clinics with a posted schedule
Time off and shift coverage request · Jasmine Carter, server · Magnolia Grill, Atlanta, GA · Requested November 6, 2026
| Date | Shift | Position | Covered by | Coworker initials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sat, Dec 5, 2026 | 4:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. | Server | Tyler Brooks | TB |
| Sat, Dec 12, 2026 | 4:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. | Server | Ellie Park | EP |
☒ Shift swap: I will work Tyler’s shift on Sunday, December 6, 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. · ☒ Unpaid (December 12)
Manager: ☒ Approved ☒ Schedule updated · Renee Hall, November 7, 2026
In hourly workplaces the real question is not “can I have the day off” but “who works my shift.” This form makes the employee find coverage first and gets the coworker’s signature, so the manager approves a finished plan. Watch the covering employee’s total hours: picking up a shift can push them over 40 in the workweek, which means overtime. In places with predictive scheduling laws, a signed request is also useful evidence; Oregon’s Bureau of Labor and Industries, for example, says changes made at an employee’s written request are not subject to the state’s advance-notice rule, so no extra pay is owed for them (Oregon’s law covers large retail, hospitality and food service employers). If you build schedules in a spreadsheet, our free employee schedule templates pair with this form.
TIME OFF AND SHIFT COVERAGE REQUEST Employee name: Position: Location: Date of request: Shifts affected (date, shift, position, covered by, coworker initials): 1. 2. 3. [ ] Vacation or PTO [ ] Personal [ ] Unpaid [ ] Shift swap If swapping, shift I will work instead: Employee signature and date: Covering coworker signature and date: Manager: [ ] Approved [ ] Denied [ ] Schedule updated Signature and date:
7. Multi-day leave request with day-by-day table
Best for requests that mix PTO, unpaid, holiday or bereavement days
Multi-day leave request · Kevin Nguyen, dispatcher · Summit Heating and Air, Denver, CO · Manager: Rosa Patel · Requested November 3, 2026
| Date | Day | Scheduled hours | Leave type | Hours requested | Paid? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11/4/2026 | Wed | 8 | Bereavement | 8 | Yes |
| 11/5/2026 | Thu | 8 | Bereavement | 8 | Yes |
| 11/6/2026 | Fri | 8 | Bereavement | 8 | Yes |
| 11/9/2026 | Mon | 8 | PTO | 8 | Yes |
| 11/10/2026 | Tue | 8 | Unpaid | 8 | No |
Totals: 40 hours requested · Bereavement 24 · PTO 8 · Unpaid 8 · Approved, R.P., 11/3/2026
Use this when one absence crosses leave types, such as bereavement days followed by PTO and an unpaid day. Recording each day separately tells payroll which bank to reduce and which hours are unpaid, and it handles irregular schedules because you enter the scheduled hours for each day. Our guide to bereavement leave covers how to set a bereavement policy and what to write in it. Type leave types exactly as listed (PTO, Sick, Bereavement, Holiday, Jury duty, Unpaid) so the totals pick them up.
8. Leave of absence request (FMLA-ready)
Best for medical, family, military or personal leave of a week or more
The FMLA covers private employers with 50 or more employees in 20 or more workweeks, and gives eligible employees up to 12 workweeks of job-protected leave in a 12-month period. The employee does not have to say “FMLA” on the form; if the reason may qualify, the Department of Labor says the employer must give an eligibility notice within five business days, and the DOL publishes optional model notices (WH-381 and WH-382). If you ask for medical certification, the DOL says the employee generally has at least 15 calendar days to return it, which is why the example sets a due date of November 20 for a November 5 request. The HR box on this form keeps those dates in one place. Smaller employers can still use it for personal leave. Read our FMLA leave guide for eligibility and certification details.
9. Time off request email templates
Best for employees whose workplace has no form
If you are an employee and there is no form, an email does the same job because it is written and dated. Put the dates in the subject line, give the return date and hours, say whether you want PTO or unpaid time, and name who covers your work. Send it early: two weeks is a common minimum for a few days, and 30 days for a week or more. Keep the reply; it is your record that the time was approved.
10. Time off request log for managers
Best for managers who approve requests for a whole team or location
Time off request log · Bluebird Kitchen, South Lamar · 2026
| Req # | Received | Employee | Type | First day | Last day | Hours | Status | Decided by | Date decided | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11/2 | Maya Torres | Vacation | 12/21 | 12/23 | 24 | Approved | D.R. | 11/3 | |
| 2 | 11/3 | Chris Patel | Personal | 11/27 | 11/27 | 8 | Approved | D.R. | 11/3 | |
| 3 | 11/4 | Jamal Wright | Vacation | 11/27 | 11/28 | 16 | Denied | D.R. | 11/5 | Kitchen already short on 11/27; offered 12/4–12/5 |
| 4 | 11/6 | Sofia Ramirez | Jury duty | 12/7 | 12/8 | 16 | Approved | D.R. | 11/6 | Summons on file |
| 5 | 11/7 | Ben Carter | Vacation | 12/24 | 12/26 | 24 | Pending | Check holiday coverage |
Summary: Pending 1 · Approved 3 · Denied 1 · Approved hours 48
Forms record one request; the log shows them all, in the order they arrived. That order matters when two people want the same holiday, and the notes column records why a request was denied, which is your best protection if a decision is questioned later. Review the pending rows before you publish each schedule. For jury duty, keep the summons with the request; our jury duty pay guide explains what employers owe.
What to include in a time off request form
Whichever template you start from, check that your form captures these items. Each one answers a question someone will ask later, usually payroll.
- Date of request. Decides who asked first and whether the employee met your notice rule.
- Leave type. Vacation, PTO, sick, personal, bereavement, jury duty, unpaid. Payroll needs it to reduce the right balance, and some types are protected by law.
- First day, last day and return date. The return date removes any doubt about weekends and days off in between.
- Hours, not just days. Shift lengths vary, so hours are what payroll pays and what a PTO balance tracks.
- Paid or unpaid. State it on the form rather than leaving it to the person running payroll.
- Coverage. Who does the work or works the shift.
- Decision, signature and date. Approved, approved with changes or denied, with a short reason for changes or denials.
Leave out medical details. A time off request template should never ask for a diagnosis. If you need medical certification for FMLA leave, collect it separately and keep it in a confidential file, as covered below.
How to use these templates
- Pick one or two forms. Most small businesses need the simple form or the PTO request form for everyday time off, and the leave of absence request for anything longer.
- Add your details. Open the Word or Excel file, add your business name and logo, and change the leave types to match your policy. The files also open in Google Docs and Google Sheets.
- Write the rules on the form. State how far ahead to ask (for example, two weeks for up to three days, 30 days for longer), how to call out sick, and any blackout dates such as the week of Thanksgiving in retail.
- Answer quickly and in writing. A decision within two or three business days lets employees book travel and lets you fill the schedule. Give a copy of the signed form back to the employee.
- Update the balance and the schedule the same day. Record approved hours in your PTO tracker and on the schedule, so a second request for the same day is caught before it is approved.
- File it. Keep the form with payroll records for at least three years, as explained in the next section.
Paper works for a team of five. Past that, the weak points are lost forms, balances that do not match payroll, and two managers approving the same weekend. That is when teams move to leave management software where requests, balances and the schedule live together.
US rules to know before you approve or deny time off
These are general principles, verified on federal and state agency sites. Laws differ by state and city and change often, so check your state labor department before you set a policy.
- Paid vacation is not required by federal law. The Department of Labor says the Fair Labor Standards Act does not require payment for time not worked, such as vacations, sick leave or holidays. These benefits are a matter of agreement between employer and employee. Our guide to paid time off covers how employers set up PTO policies.
- Paid sick leave is required in many states and cities. California, for example, requires at least 40 hours or five days of paid sick leave per year, lets employers ask for reasonable advance notice when the need is foreseeable, and limits documentation requirements. Check whether your state or city has its own law.
- FMLA notice runs both ways. When leave is foreseeable, the DOL says employees should give at least 30 days’ notice if practicable, and must generally follow the employer’s usual and customary procedures for requesting leave, such as a written form, unless unusual circumstances prevent it. Employers then owe the eligibility notice within five business days.
- Some states treat earned vacation as wages. California’s Labor Commissioner says vacation vests as it is earned, so use-it-or-lose-it policies are not allowed there, although a reasonable cap is, and unused vacation must be paid in the final paycheck. Employers can still set reasonable rules about when vacation is taken, which is exactly what an approval form does.
- Keep the records. The FLSA requires employers to keep payroll records for at least three years and the time cards and records behind wage calculations for two years. FMLA records must be kept for no less than three years, and medical certifications go in a separate confidential file.
- Deny for business reasons, consistently. You can usually decline vacation for staffing reasons, but apply the same rule to everyone and write the reason down. Never deny time off in a way that targets a protected group or punishes someone for using protected leave.
Paid holidays interact with PTO too: if the business closes for a holiday, record it as holiday hours, not PTO, as the PTO request form example shows. Our holiday pay guide explains what employers owe on holidays.
Frequently asked questions
What should a time off request form include?
At minimum: the employee’s name and manager, the date of the request, the type of leave, the first and last day off, the return date, the hours requested, and signatures with an approved or denied box. Add a PTO balance line if you track hours, and a coverage section for shift workers.
How far in advance should employees request time off?
No federal law sets a deadline for vacation requests, so your policy decides. Two weeks is common for a few days off and 30 days for a week or more. For foreseeable FMLA leave the DOL expects at least 30 days’ notice when practicable. Some state sick leave laws let employers require only reasonable notice.
Can an employer deny a time off request?
Yes, for vacation and personal time in most cases, as long as the reason is not discriminatory or retaliatory. Employers cannot deny leave protected by law, such as FMLA leave for an eligible employee or paid sick leave under a state or city law, simply because it is inconvenient.
Do employers have to offer paid vacation?
Not under federal law. The Department of Labor says the FLSA does not require payment for time not worked, such as vacations, sick leave or holidays. Paid vacation is an agreement between employer and employee, but a growing number of states and cities require paid sick leave or paid leave for any reason.
How long should we keep time off request forms?
Keep them at least three years. The FLSA requires payroll records for three years and time cards for two, and the FMLA requires leave records for no less than three years. Store any medical certifications in a separate confidential file, not the regular personnel file, and check your state for longer periods.
Is a PTO request form the same as a vacation request form?
Often, yes. A PTO request form covers any paid time off from one bank, while a vacation request form is for planned vacation days, usually several in a row. If your company keeps separate vacation and sick banks, use a form with a leave type checkbox so payroll knows which balance to reduce.